Exam question 1 · The seasons and the tilt of the axis

Identify the principal reason for the occurrence of the seasons upon the Earth.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify · To what, where: principal reason

This is exam question 1 of lesson 2 «The seasons and the tilt of the axis» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 occurrence	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 occurrence	det
7	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 reason	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 seasons	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 seasons	det
10	seasons	season	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 occurrence	nmod
11	upon	upon	ADP	_	13 Earth	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Earth	det
13	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 seasons	nmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason				for the occurrence of the seasons upon the Earth	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The inclination of the Earth's axis relative to its orbit

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 inclination	det
2	inclination	inclination	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 relative	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	7 axis	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Earth	det
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 axis	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 Earth	case
7	axis	axis	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 inclination	nmod
8	relative	relative	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	to	to	ADP	_	11 orbit	case
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 orbit	nmod:poss
11	orbit	orbit	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 relative	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	incline		the Earth's axis						nom inclination «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

Option 2

The alteration in the Sun's emission of heat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 alteration	det
2	alteration	alteration	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	7 emission	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Sun	det
5	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 emission	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 Sun	case
7	emission	emission	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 alteration	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 heat	case
9	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 emission	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	emit		the Sun	heat					nom emission «act transitive»: poss=agent of=patient

Option 3

The variation in distance between the Earth and the Sun during the year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 variation	det
2	variation	variation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 distance	case
4	distance	distance	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 variation	nmod
5	between	between	ADP	_	7 Earth	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Earth	det
7	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 distance	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 Sun	cc
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Sun	det
10	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Earth	conj
11	during	during	ADP	_	13 year	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 year	det
13	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 variation	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

The passage of the Moon around the Earth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 passage	det
2	passage	passage	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 Moon	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Moon	det
5	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 passage	nmod
6	around	around	ADP	_	8 Earth	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Earth	det
8	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 passage	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pass		the Moon			the Earth			nom passage «act intransitive»: of=agent around=place

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/2-seasons-and-the-tilt/e1/