Exam question 2 · Parts of a plant and what each does

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the nutrition of plants?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, nutrify · To what, where: nutrition, plants

This is exam question 2 of lesson 21 «Parts of a plant and what each does» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 nutrition	det
10	nutrition	nutrition	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 plants	case
12	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 nutrition	nmod
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the nutrition of plants	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	nutrify		plants		nom nutrition «process transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Plants obtain their food from insects

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 obtain	nsubj
2	obtain	obtain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 food	nmod:poss
4	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 obtain	obj
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 insects	case
6	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 obtain	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	obtain	present	Plants	Plants's food				from insects	vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent food=Theme from insect=Source

Option 2

Plants obtain their food from rainwater

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 obtain	nsubj
2	obtain	obtain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 food	nmod:poss
4	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 obtain	obj
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 rainwater	case
6	rainwater	rainwater	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 obtain	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	obtain	present	Plants	Plants's food		rainwater			vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent food=Theme from rainwater=Source

Option 3

Plants obtain their food entirely from the soil

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 obtain	nsubj
2	obtain	obtain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 food	nmod:poss
4	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 obtain	obj
5	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	2 obtain	advmod
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 soil	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 soil	det
8	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 obtain	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	obtain	present	Plants	Plants's food		the soil		entirely property	vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent food=Theme from soil=Source

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Plants produce their own food within their leaves

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 produce	nsubj
2	produce	produce	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 food	nmod:poss
4	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 food	amod
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 produce	obj
6	within	within	ADP	_	8 leaves	case
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 leaves	nmod:poss
8	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 produce	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	produce	present	Plants	Plants's own food				within Plants's leaves	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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