Test 2 · Flowers, pollination and how seeds travel
A seed has a light, fluffy tuft. How is it most likely spread?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: seed · What happens: have, be · To what, where: light, seed
This is test 2 of lesson 23 «Flowers, pollination and how seeds travel» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A seed has a light, fluffy tuft.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 seed | det |
| 2 | seed | seed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | nsubj |
| 3 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 light | det |
| 5 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 tuft | punct |
| 7 | fluffy | fluffy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 tuft | amod |
| 8 | tuft | tuft | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 light | conj |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 has | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | a seed | a light and fluffy tuft | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: How is it most likely spread?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 spread | advmod |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 spread | cop |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 spread | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 5 likely | advmod |
| 5 | likely | likely | ADV | _ | 6 spread | advmod |
| 6 | spread | spread | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 spread | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present · passive | seed | likely, spread property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
By hooking onto fur
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | SCONJ | _ | 2 hooking | mark |
| 2 | hooking | hook | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 3 | onto | onto | ADP | _ | 4 fur | case |
| 4 | fur | fur | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 hooking | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hook | gerund | fur | vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme onto fur=Destination |
Option 2
By floating on the sea
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | SCONJ | _ | 2 floating | mark |
| 2 | floating | float | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 sea | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 sea | det |
| 5 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 floating | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | float | gerund | the sea | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on sea=Trajectory |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
By the wind
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 3 wind | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 wind | det |
| 3 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4
By bursting out of a pod
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | SCONJ | _ | 2 bursting | mark |
| 2 | bursting | burst | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 3 | out | out | ADP | _ | 6 pod | case |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 pod | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 pod | det |
| 6 | pod | pod | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 bursting | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | burst out | gerund | a pod | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location pod=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/23-flowers-and-seeds/t2/