Test 12 · ★ · Food chains and food webs

Tom says in a food chain the arrow points to what gets eaten. true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Tom, arrow · What happens: say, point, eat · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 12 · ★ of lesson 26 «Food chains and food webs» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	6 chain	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 chain	det
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 chain	compound
6	chain	chain	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 points	obl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 arrow	det
8	arrow	arrow	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 points	nsubj
9	points	point	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 says	ccomp
10	to	to	ADP	_	11 what	case
11	what	what	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 points	obl
12	gets	get	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 eaten	aux:pass
13	eaten	eat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 what	acl:relcl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 points	punct
15	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 points	xcomp
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Tom		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	point	present	the arrow	in a food chain; true property	vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in chain=Theme
3	eat	present · passive			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

No, the arrows have no direction

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 have	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 arrows	det
4	arrows	arrow	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 have	nsubj
5	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	7 direction	det
7	direction	direction	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	the arrows	no direction					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent direction=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

No, it points from the eaten to the eater

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 points	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 points	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 points	nsubj
4	points	point	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	from	from	SCONJ	_	7 eaten	mark
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 eaten	det
7	eaten	eat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 points	xcomp
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 eater	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 eater	det
10	eater	eater	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 eaten	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	point	present	it						tree rules
2	eat	participle						to the eater	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Yes, it shows who runs away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 shows	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 shows	nsubj
4	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 runs	nsubj
6	runs	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 shows	ccomp
7	away	away	ADV	_	6 runs	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	it						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	run away	present						away property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Yes, it points at the food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 points	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 points	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 points	nsubj
4	points	point	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 food	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 food	det
7	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 points	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	point	present	it			the food			vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/26-food-chains-and-webs/t12/