Exam question 4 · Migration and hibernation

Identify the principal reason for which frogs become slow and inactive in winter.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, frogs · What happens: identify, become · To what, where: principal reason

This is exam question 4 of lesson 28 «Migration and hibernation» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 become	obl
7	frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 become	nsubj
8	become	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reason	acl:relcl
9	slow	slow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 become	xcomp
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 inactive	cc
11	inactive	inactive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 slow	conj
12	in	in	ADP	_	13 winter	case
13	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 slow	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	become	present	frogs					for the principal reason; slow property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They are unable to maintain their own bodily warmth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 unable	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 unable	cop
3	unable	unable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 maintain	mark
5	maintain	maintain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 unable	xcomp
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 warmth	nmod:poss
7	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 warmth	amod
8	bodily	bodily	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 warmth	amod
9	warmth	warmth	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 maintain	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					unable property	tree rules
2	maintain	to-infinitive	They not said here	their own bodily warmth					vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent warmth=Theme

Option 2

They are migrating beneath the ice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 migrating	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 migrating	aux
3	migrating	migrate	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	6 ice	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 ice	det
6	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 migrating	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	migrate	present · progressive	They					beneath the ice	tree rules

Option 3

They are protecting their eggs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 protecting	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 protecting	aux
3	protecting	protect	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 eggs	nmod:poss
5	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 protecting	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	protect	present · progressive	They	their eggs					vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Beneficiary

Option 4

They have consumed excessive food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 consumed	nsubj
2	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 consumed	aux
3	consumed	consume	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	excessive	excessive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 food	amod
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 consumed	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consume	present · perfect	They	excessive food					vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Asset

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/28-migration-and-hibernation/e4/