Test 5 · ★ · Migration and hibernation

Why would a bird that eats seeds be more likely to stay for winter than one that eats flying insects?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: bird · What happens: eat, be, stay, fly · To what, where: seeds, flying insects

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 28 «Migration and hibernation» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 bird	advmod
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 bird	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 bird	det
4	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 eats	nsubj
6	eats	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 bird	acl:relcl
7	seeds	seed	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 eats	obj
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	10 likely	cop
9	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	10 likely	advmod
10	likely	likely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 eats	ccomp
11	to	to	PART	_	12 stay	mark
12	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 likely	xcomp
13	for	for	ADP	_	14 winter	case
14	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 stay	obl
15	than	than	ADP	_	16 one	case
16	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 stay	obl
17	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	18 eats	nsubj
18	eats	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 one	acl:relcl
19	flying	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	20 insects	amod
20	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 eats	obj
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 bird	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	a bird	seeds			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seed=Patient
2	is	infinitive	a bird not said here			likely property	tree rules
3	stay	to-infinitive	a bird not said here		winter	than one	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	eat	present		flying insects			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Patient
5	fly	gerund					vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Seeds can still be found in winter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Seeds	seed	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 found	nsubj:pass
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 found	aux
3	still	still	ADV	_	5 found	advmod
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 found	aux:pass
5	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 winter	case
7	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 found	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	can · passive		Seeds			still; winter		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

Option 2

Insect-eaters like warm sand

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Insect	insect	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 eaters	compound
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Insect	punct
3	eaters	eater	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	like	like	ADP	_	6 sand	case
5	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 sand	amod
6	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 eaters	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

Seeds keep birds warm inside

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Seeds	seed	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 keep	nsubj
2	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 keep	obj
4	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 keep	xcomp
5	inside	inside	ADV	_	2 keep	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	Seeds	birds				inside, warm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bird=Theme

Option 4

Seed-eaters cannot fly very far

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Seed	seed	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 eaters	compound
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Seed	punct
3	eaters	eater	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 fly	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 fly	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 fly	advmod
6	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	very	very	ADV	_	8 far	advmod
8	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 fly	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not fly	can	Seed eaters					far property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/28-migration-and-hibernation/t5/