Test 13 · ★★ · Classifying unusual animals

my brother says a starfish is a fish cos it lives in the sea. true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: brother, starfish · What happens: say, be, live · To what, where: fish, sea · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 13 · ★★ of lesson 29 «Classifying unusual animals» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 brother	nmod:poss
2	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 starfish	det
5	starfish	starfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 fish	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 fish	cop
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 fish	det
8	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	ccomp
9	cos	cos	SCONJ	_	11 lives	mark
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 lives	nsubj
11	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 fish	acl:relcl
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 sea	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 sea	det
14	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 lives	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 fish	punct
16	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 says	xcomp
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	my brother			true property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	a starfish	a fish			tree rules
3	live	present	starfish	a fish not said here	the sea		vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme fish=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, it has no backbone, so it's not a fish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 has	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 has	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 backbone	det
6	backbone	backbone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 fish	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	13 fish	advmod
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 fish	nsubj
10	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 fish	cop
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 fish	advmod
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 fish	det
13	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	it	no backbone					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent backbone=Patient
2	not is a	present	backbone	a fish					tree rules

Option 2

Yes, all sea animals are fish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 fish	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 animals	det
4	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 animals	compound
5	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 fish	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 fish	cop
7	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	all sea animals	fish					tree rules

Option 3

Yes, it has fins on its arms

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 has	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	fins	fin	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 has	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 arms	case
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 arms	nmod:poss
8	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 fins	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	it	fins		its arms			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fin=Patient

Option 4

No, it's a plant that lives in the sea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 plant	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 plant	nsubj
4	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 plant	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 plant	det
6	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 lives	nsubj
8	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 plant	acl:relcl
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 sea	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sea	det
11	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lives	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it	a plant					tree rules
2	live	present	a plant			the sea			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sea=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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