Exam question 1 · The Moon and its phases

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the source of the Moon's luminosity?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: source

This is exam question 1 of lesson 3 «The Moon and its phases» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 source	det
10	source	source	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	15 luminosity	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Moon	det
13	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 luminosity	nmod:poss
14	's	's	PART	_	13 Moon	case
15	luminosity	luminosity	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 source	nmod
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the source of the Moon's luminosity				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The Moon reflects the light of the Earth's cities

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Moon	det
2	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 reflects	nsubj
3	reflects	reflect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 light	det
5	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reflects	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	10 cities	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Earth	det
8	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 cities	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 Earth	case
10	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 light	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reflect	present	the Moon	the light of the Earth's cities					tree rules
2	light			the Earth's cities					nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

The Moon is illuminated by the nearer stars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Moon	det
2	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 illuminated	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 illuminated	aux:pass
4	illuminated	illuminate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	8 stars	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 stars	det
7	nearer	near	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 stars	amod
8	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 illuminated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	illuminate	present · passive	the nearer stars	the Moon					vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Destination

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The Moon reflects the light of the Sun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Moon	det
2	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 reflects	nsubj
3	reflects	reflect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 light	det
5	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reflects	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 Sun	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Sun	det
8	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 light	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reflect	present	the Moon	the light of the Sun					tree rules
2	light			the Sun					nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

The Moon emits light of its own production

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Moon	det
2	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 emits	nsubj
3	emits	emit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 emits	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 production	case
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 production	nmod:poss
7	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 production	amod
8	production	production	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 light	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	emit	present	the Moon	light of Moon's own production	vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source light=Theme
2	light			Moon's own production	nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient
3	produce		Moon		nom production «act transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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