Test 14 · ★★★ · Balance in a food web

Tom reckons almost all the energy an animal eats goes into the next animal. right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Tom, animal, energy · What happens: reckon, eat, go · To what, where: energy

This is test 14 · ★★★ of lesson 30 «Balance in a food web» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 reckons	nsubj
2	reckons	reckon	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	almost	almost	ADV	_	4 all	advmod
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 energy	det:predet
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 energy	det
6	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 goes	nsubj
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 animal	det
8	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 eats	nsubj
9	eats	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 energy	acl:relcl
10	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 reckons	ccomp
11	into	into	ADP	_	14 animal	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 animal	det
13	next	next	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 animal	amod
14	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 goes	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 reckons	punct
16	right	right	INTJ	_	2 reckons	discourse
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 reckons	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	reckon	present	Tom			vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	eat	present	a animal	all energy not said here		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Patient
3	go	present	all energy		into the next animal	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into animal=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, nearly all of it passes right on

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 passes	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	nearly	nearly	ADV	_	4 all	advmod
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 passes	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 it	case
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 all	nmod
7	passes	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	right	right	ADV	_	9 on	advmod
9	on	on	ADV	_	7 passes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pass	present	all						vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

No, none of it ever passes on at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	3 none	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	none	none	PRON	PronType=Neg	7 passes	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 it	case
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 none	nmod
6	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	7 passes	advmod
7	passes	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	on	on	ADP	_	7 passes	compound:prt
9	at	at	ADP	_	10 all	case
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 passes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pass on	present	none			all	ever		vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Yes, about half of it gets passed on

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	8 passed	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 half	punct
3	about	about	ADV	_	4 half	advmod
4	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	8 passed	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 it	case
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 half	nmod
7	gets	get	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 passed	aux:pass
8	passed	pass	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	on	on	ADP	_	8 passed	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pass on	present · passive		half of it					vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

No, only about a tenth passes on

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	7 passes	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 passes	punct
3	only	only	ADV	_	6 tenth	advmod
4	about	about	ADV	_	6 tenth	advmod
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 tenth	det
6	tenth	tenth	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 passes	nsubj
7	passes	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	on	on	ADP	_	7 passes	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pass on	present	a tenth						vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/30-balance-in-food-webs/t14/