Test 8 · ★★★ · Balance in a food web

Why is a tiger much rarer than a deer in the same forest?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: tiger · What happens: be

This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 30 «Balance in a food web» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 rarer	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 rarer	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 tiger	det
4	tiger	tiger	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rarer	nsubj
5	much	much	ADV	_	6 rarer	advmod
6	rarer	rare	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
7	than	than	ADP	_	9 deer	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 deer	det
9	deer	deer	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rarer	obl
10	in	in	ADP	_	13 forest	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 forest	det
12	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 forest	amod
13	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 deer	nmod
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 rarer	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a tiger					than a deer in the same forest; rare property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Each step up the food chain has much less energy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 step	advmod
2	step	step	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
3	up	up	ADP	_	2 step	compound:prt
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 chain	det
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 chain	compound
6	chain	chain	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 has	nsubj
7	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 step	ccomp
8	much	much	ADV	_	9 less	advmod
9	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 energy	amod
10	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 has	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	step up	imperative	you not said here						tree rules
2	have	present	the food chain	less energy					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Patient

Option 2

Tigers need much more water than deer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tigers	tiger	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 need	nsubj
2	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	much	much	ADV	_	4 more	advmod
4	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 water	amod
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 need	obj
6	than	than	ADP	_	7 deer	case
7	deer	deer	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 need	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	Tigers	more water				than deer	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot water=Theme

Option 3

Deer have more stripes for hiding

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Deer	deer	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 stripes	amod
4	stripes	stripe	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 hiding	case
6	hiding	hiding	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 have	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Deer	more stripes				for hiding	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stripe=Patient

Option 4

Tigers have far more enemies than deer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tigers	tiger	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 more	advmod
4	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 enemies	amod
5	enemies	enemy	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
6	than	than	ADP	_	7 deer	case
7	deer	deer	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 enemies	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Tigers	more enemies				than deer	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enemy=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/30-balance-in-food-webs/t8/