Test 4 · ★ · Germs, hygiene and vaccines

Why do antibodies work against only one kind of germ?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: antibodies · What happens: work

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 37 «Germs, hygiene and vaccines» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 work	advmod
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 work	aux
3	antibodies	antibody	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 work	nsubj
4	work	work	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	against	against	ADP	_	8 kind	case
6	only	only	ADV	_	7 one	advmod
7	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 kind	nummod
8	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 work	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 germ	case
10	germ	germ	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 kind	nmod
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 work	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	present · do-support	antibodies					against one kind of germ	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Antibodies are made in the stomach

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Antibodies	antibody	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 made	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 made	aux:pass
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 stomach	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 stomach	det
6	stomach	stomach	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		Antibodies		the stomach			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Each fits its own germ like a key fits one lock

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 fits	nsubj
2	fits	fit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 germ	nmod:poss
4	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 germ	amod
5	germ	germ	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 fits	obj
6	like	like	SCONJ	_	9 fits	mark
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 key	det
8	key	key	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 fits	nsubj
9	fits	fit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 fits	advcl
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 lock	nummod
11	lock	lock	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 fits	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fit	present	Each	its own germ					vn adjust-26.9 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent germ=Patient
2	fit	present	a key	one lock					vn adjust-26.9 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lock=Patient

Option 3

Antibodies only work at night

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Antibodies	antibody	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 work	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 work	advmod
3	work	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	5 night	case
5	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 work	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	present	Antibodies				night		vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Each one is far too small to grab any other germs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 one	det
2	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 small	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 small	cop
4	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 small	advmod
5	too	too	ADV	_	6 small	advmod
6	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	to	to	PART	_	8 grab	mark
8	grab	grab	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 small	advcl
9	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	11 germs	det
10	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 germs	amod
11	germs	germ	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 grab	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	each one					far, small property	tree rules
2	grab	to-infinitive	each one not said here	any other germs					vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent germ=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/t4/