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Test 8 · ★ · Germs, hygiene and vaccines

A girl sneezes into her elbow instead of her hand. Why is that a good idea?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: girl · What happens: sneeze, be · To what, where: elbow, good idea

This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 37 «Germs, hygiene and vaccines» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A girl sneezes into her elbow instead of her hand.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 girl	det
2	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sneezes	nsubj
3	sneezes	sneeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	into	into	ADP	_	6 elbow	case
5	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 elbow	nmod:poss
6	elbow	elbow	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sneezes	obl
7	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=ADP	10 hand	case
8	of	of	ADP	_	7 instead	fixed
9	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 hand	nmod:poss
10	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sneezes	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 sneezes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sneeze	present	a girl			girl's elbow		instead girl's hand	vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why is that a good idea?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 idea	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 idea	cop
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 idea	mark
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 idea	det
5	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 idea	amod
6	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 idea	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		a good idea					tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Her hands will not spread the germs to things she touches

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 hands	nmod:poss
2	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 spread	nsubj
3	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 spread	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 spread	advmod
5	spread	spread	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 germs	det
7	germs	germ	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 spread	obj
8	to	to	ADP	_	9 things	case
9	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 spread	obl
10	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 touches	nsubj
11	touches	touch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 things	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not spread	future	Her hands	the germs				to things	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location germ=Theme
2	touch	present	she	things not said here					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme thing=Co-Theme

Option 2

Hands are needed to cool the sneeze

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 needed	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 needed	aux:pass
3	needed	need	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 cool	mark
5	cool	cool	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 needed	xcomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sneeze	det
7	sneeze	sneeze	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cool	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present · passive		Hands					tree rules
2	cool not said to happen	to-infinitive	Hands not said here	the sneeze					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent sneeze=Patient

Option 3

Elbows make sneezes quieter for the lungs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Elbows	elbow	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	nsubj
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	sneezes	sneeze	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	obj
4	quieter	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 make	xcomp
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 lungs	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 lungs	det
7	lungs	lung	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 quieter	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Elbows	sneezes				quiet property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sneeze=Product

Option 4

Germs cannot live anywhere on the body

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Germs	germ	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 live	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 live	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 live	advmod
4	live	live	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	anywhere	anywhere	ADV	PronType=Ind	4 live	advmod
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 body	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 body	det
8	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 live	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not live	can	Germs			the body		anywhere property	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on body=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/t8/