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Test 4 · The solar system and the planets

A girl says the closest planet to the Sun must be the hottest. Why is she wrong?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: girl · What happens: say, be · To what, where: closest planet, Sun · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 of lesson 4 «The solar system and the planets» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A girl says the closest planet to the Sun must be the hottest.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 girl	det
2	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 planet	det
5	closest	close	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 planet	amod
6	planet	planet	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	obj
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 Sun	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Sun	det
9	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 planet	nmod
10	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 hottest	aux
11	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	13 hottest	cop
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 hottest	det
13	hottest	hot	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 planet	amod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a girl	the closest planet	the Sun				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent planet=Topic to sun=Recipient
2	is	must						hot property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why is she wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 wrong	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 wrong	cop
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 wrong	nsubj
4	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	girl					wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

The Sun does not warm the planets

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sun	det
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 warm	nsubj
3	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 warm	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 warm	advmod
5	warm	warm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 planets	det
7	planets	planet	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 warm	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not warm	present · do-support	the Sun	the planets					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent planet=Patient

Option 2

Neptune is the hottest planet

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Neptune	Neptune	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 planet	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 planet	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 planet	det
4	hottest	hot	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 planet	amod
5	planet	planet	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Neptune	the hottest planet					tree rules

Option 3

Mercury is the farthest planet

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mercury	Mercury	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 planet	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 planet	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 planet	det
4	farthest	far	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 planet	amod
5	planet	planet	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Mercury	the farthest planet					tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Venus is hotter because its thick air holds heat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Venus	Venus	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 hotter	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hotter	cop
3	hotter	hot	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 holds	mark
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 air	nmod:poss
6	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 air	amod
7	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 holds	nsubj
8	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hotter	advcl
9	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 holds	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Venus					hot property	tree rules
2	hold	present	its thick air	heat					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/4-the-solar-system/t4/