Test 13 · ★★★ · Thinking like a scientist: the body and physics

my sister says shivering means your body's given up on staying warm. true?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: sister · What happens: say, shiver, mean, give up, stay · To what, where: body · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 13 · ★★★ of lesson 40 «Thinking like a scientist: the body and physics» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 sister	nmod:poss
2	sister	sister	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	shivering	shiver	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 means	nsubj
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
6	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 body	nmod:poss
7	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 means	obj
8	's	's	PART	_	7 body	case
9	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 body	acl
10	up	up	ADP	_	9 given	compound:prt
11	on	on	SCONJ	_	12 staying	mark
12	staying	stay	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 given	advcl
13	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 staying	xcomp
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 warm	punct
15	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 warm	conj
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	my sister			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	shiver	gerund				vn body_internal_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	mean	present		your body		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Topic
4	give up	participle		your body not said here		vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	stay	gerund			warm property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Yes, it is only fear of the cold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 fear	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 fear	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 fear	cop
5	only	only	ADV	_	6 fear	advmod
6	fear	fear	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 cold	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 cold	det
9	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fear	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it	fear				of the cold	tree rules

Option 2

Yes, it means the body has stopped

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 means	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 means	nsubj
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 body	det
6	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 stopped	nsubj
7	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 stopped	aux
8	stopped	stop	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 means	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	it						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	stop	present · perfect	the body						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, shivering is muscles working fast to make heat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 working	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 working	punct
3	shivering	shivering	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 working	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 working	aux
5	muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 working	nsubj
6	working	work	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 working	advmod
8	to	to	PART	_	9 make	mark
9	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 working	advcl
10	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 make	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	present · progressive	shivering					fast property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	make	to-infinitive	shivering not said here	heat					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset heat=Product

Option 4

No, shivering makes you colder on purpose to save energy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 makes	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 shivering	punct
3	shivering	shiver	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 makes	nsubj
4	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 makes	obj
6	colder	cold	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 makes	xcomp
7	on	on	ADP	_	8 purpose	case
8	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 colder	obl
9	to	to	PART	_	10 save	mark
10	save	save	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 colder	advcl
11	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 save	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	shiver	gerund			vn body_internal_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	make	present	you	cold property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset you=Product
3	save	to-infinitive	energy		vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/40-body-and-physics-reasoning/t13/