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Test 2 · The United States and its states

A boy in Hawaii wants to visit the largest state by car. Why can he not drive there?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: boy · What happens: want, visit, not drive · To what, where: largest state

This is test 2 of lesson 44 «The United States and its states» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy in Hawaii wants to visit the largest state by car.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 wants	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Hawaii	case
4	Hawaii	Hawaii	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 boy	nmod
5	wants	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 visit	mark
7	visit	visit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 wants	xcomp
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 state	det
9	largest	large	ADJ	Degree=Sup	10 state	amod
10	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 visit	obj
11	by	by	ADP	_	12 car	case
12	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 visit	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 wants	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want	present	a boy in Hawaii						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	visit not said to happen	to-infinitive	a boy in Hawaii not said here	the largest state				by car	vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent state=Co-Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why can he not drive there?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 drive	advmod
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 drive	aux
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 drive	nsubj
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 drive	advmod
5	drive	drive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	5 drive	advmod
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 drive	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not drive	can	boy			there			vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The largest state is Texas, which is too far

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 state	det
2	largest	large	ADJ	Degree=Sup	3 state	amod
3	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 Texas	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 Texas	cop
5	Texas	Texas	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 far	punct
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 far	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 far	cop
9	too	too	ADV	_	10 far	advmod
10	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 Texas	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the largest state	Texas					tree rules
2	is	present	Texas					far property	tree rules

Option 2

Cars are not allowed in Hawaii

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 allowed	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 allowed	aux:pass
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 allowed	advmod
4	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 Hawaii	case
6	Hawaii	Hawaii	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 allowed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not allow	present · passive		Cars		Hawaii			vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary

Option 3

Alaska has no roads at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Alaska	Alaska	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 roads	det
4	roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 has	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 all	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 roads	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Alaska	no roads		all			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Hawaii is a group of islands in the middle of the Pacific

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hawaii	Hawaii	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 group	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 group	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 group	det
4	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 islands	case
6	islands	island	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 group	nmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 middle	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 middle	det
9	middle	middle	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 islands	nmod
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 Pacific	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Pacific	det
12	Pacific	Pacific	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 middle	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Hawaii	a group				of islands in the middle of the Pacific	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/44-the-usa-and-its-states/t2/