Exam question 4 · Countries, peoples and languages of the world

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the Romance languages.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, response, established facts · What happens: select, be, establish, concern · To what, where: response, Romance languages

This is exam question 4 of lesson 46 «Countries, peoples and languages of the world» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 languages	det
13	Romance	romance	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 languages	compound
14	languages	language	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 concerning	obj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the Romance languages		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus language=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They derive from Greek, as Spanish and German

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 derive	nsubj
2	derive	derive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 Greek	case
4	Greek	Greek	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 derive	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 Spanish	punct
6	as	as	ADP	_	7 Spanish	case
7	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 derive	parataxis
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 German	cc
9	German	German	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 Spanish	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	derive	present	They			Greek			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from greek=Material

Option 2

They derive from the Slavic languages

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 derive	nsubj
2	derive	derive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	6 languages	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 languages	det
5	Slavic	slavic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 languages	amod
6	languages	language	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 derive	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	derive	present	They			the Slavic languages			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from language=Material

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

They include English, German and Dutch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 include	nsubj
2	include	include	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 include	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 German	punct
5	German	German	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 English	conj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 Dutch	cc
7	Dutch	Dutch	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 English	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	include	present	They	English and German and Dutch					vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent english=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

They derive from Latin, as Spanish, French and Italian

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 derive	nsubj
2	derive	derive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 Latin	case
4	Latin	Latin	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 derive	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 Spanish	punct
6	as	as	ADP	_	7 Spanish	case
7	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 derive	parataxis
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 French	punct
9	French	French	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 Spanish	conj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 Italian	cc
11	Italian	Italian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 Spanish	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	derive	present	They			Latin			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from latin=Material

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/46-countries-peoples-languages/e4/