Exam question 4 · Energy — where it comes from and how to save it

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the nature of energy?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: nature

This is exam question 4 of lesson 56 «Energy — where it comes from and how to save it» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 nature	det
10	nature	nature	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 energy	case
12	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 nature	nmod
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the nature of energy				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is destroyed entirely upon each use

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 destroyed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 destroyed	aux:pass
3	destroyed	destroy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	3 destroyed	advmod
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 use	case
6	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	7 use	det
7	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 destroyed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	destroy	present · passive		It				upon each use; entirely property	vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 2

It exists solely in living organisms

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 exists	nsubj
2	exists	exist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	solely	solely	ADV	_	2 exists	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 organisms	case
5	living	living	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 organisms	amod
6	organisms	organism	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 exists	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exist	present	It			living organisms		solely property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in organism=Location

Option 3

It is created from nothing whenever a machine is operated

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 created	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 created	aux:pass
3	created	create	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	5 nothing	case
5	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 created	obl
6	whenever	whenever	ADV	PronType=Rel	10 operated	advmod
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 machine	det
8	machine	machine	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 operated	nsubj:pass
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 operated	aux:pass
10	operated	operate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 created	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	create	present · passive		It		nothing			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from nothing=Material
2	operate	present · passive		a machine				whenever property	vn function-105.2.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Attribute

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It is converted from one form into another but is never created from nothing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 converted	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 converted	aux:pass
3	converted	convert	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 form	case
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 form	nummod
6	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 converted	obl
7	into	into	ADP	_	8 another	case
8	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	3 converted	obl
9	but	but	CCONJ	_	12 created	cc
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 created	aux:pass
11	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	12 created	advmod
12	created	create	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 converted	conj
13	from	from	ADP	_	14 nothing	case
14	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	12 created	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	convert	present · passive		It		one form		into another result	vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.material PP.result»: subject=Patient from form=Initial_State into another=Result
2	not create	present · passive				nothing			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: from nothing=Material

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/56-energy/e4/