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Test 4 · Energy — where it comes from and how to save it

A lamb grows by eating grass. Where did the energy in the lamb first come from?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: lamb · What happens: grow, eat, come · To what, where: grass

This is test 4 of lesson 56 «Energy — where it comes from and how to save it» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A lamb grows by eating grass.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 lamb	det
2	lamb	lamb	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	nsubj
3	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	by	by	SCONJ	_	5 eating	mark
5	eating	eat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 grows	advcl
6	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 eating	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 grows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	a lamb						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	eat	gerund	a lamb not said here	grass					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Where did the energy in the lamb first come from?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	9 come	advmod
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 come	aux
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 energy	det
4	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 did	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 lamb	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 lamb	det
7	lamb	lamb	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 did	obl
8	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	9 come	advmod
9	come	come	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	from	from	ADP	_	9 come	obl
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	9 come	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past · do-support						first property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1

The farmer's tractor

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 farmer	det
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tractor	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 farmer	case
4	tractor	tractor	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

The rain on the field

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rain	det
2	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 field	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 field	det
5	field	field	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rain	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

The soil the grass grew in

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 soil	det
2	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 grew	nsubj
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 grass	det
4	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 grew	nsubj
5	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	5 grew	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	past	the soil						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The Sun, through the grass

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sun	det
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 grass	punct
4	through	through	ADP	_	6 grass	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 grass	det
6	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Sun	appos

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/56-energy/t4/