Exam question 1 · Caring for the environment

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises pollution?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: pollution

This is exam question 1 of lesson 57 «Caring for the environment» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	pollution	pollution	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		pollution				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The natural decomposition of fallen leaves

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 decomposition	det
2	natural	natural	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 decomposition	amod
3	decomposition	decomposition	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 leaves	case
5	fallen	fall	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 leaves	amod
6	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 decomposition	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	participle							vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	decompose			fallen leaves					nom decomposition «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

Any material which is subsequently recycled

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	2 material	det
2	material	material	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 recycled	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 recycled	aux:pass
5	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	_	6 recycled	advmod
6	recycled	recycle	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 material	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	recycle	present · passive		any material				subsequently property	tree rules

Option 3

The planting of trees upon cleared land

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 planting	det
2	planting	planting	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 trees	case
4	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 planting	nmod
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 land	case
6	cleared	clear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 land	amod
7	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 planting	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	clear	participle							vn clear-10.3-1 «NP.Source V»: agent=Source
2	plant			trees				upon cleared land	nom planting «act transitive»: of=patient upon=obl

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Harmful material introduced into the air, water or soil

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Harmful	harmful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 material	amod
2	material	material	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	introduced	introduce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 material	acl
4	into	into	ADP	_	6 air	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 air	det
6	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 introduced	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 water	punct
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 air	conj
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 soil	cc
10	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 air	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	introduce	participle		Harmful material not said here		the air and water or soil			vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/57-environment/e1/