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Test 4 · Caring for the environment

Litter on a beach is carried away by the tide. What could happen next?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: tide · What happens: carry away, happen · To what, where: Litter

This is test 4 of lesson 57 «Caring for the environment» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Litter on a beach is carried away by the tide.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Litter	litter	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 carried	nsubj:pass
2	on	on	ADP	_	4 beach	case
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 beach	det
4	beach	beach	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Litter	nmod
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 carried	aux:pass
6	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	away	away	ADV	_	6 carried	advmod
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 tide	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 tide	det
10	tide	tide	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 carried	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 carried	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry away	present · passive	the tide	Litter on a beach				away property	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What could happen next?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	next	next	ADV	_	3 happen	advmod
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	could						next property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1

It becomes food for plants

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 becomes	nsubj
2	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 becomes	xcomp
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 plants	case
5	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 food	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	present	It	food for plants					vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Option 2

It disappears completely within a single day or two

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 disappears	nsubj
2	disappears	disappear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	completely	completely	ADV	_	2 disappears	advmod
4	within	within	ADP	_	7 day	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 day	det
6	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 day	amod
7	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 disappears	obl
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 two	cc
9	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 day	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	disappear	present	It				day	completely property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

It turns into sand at once

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 turns	nsubj
2	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	into	into	ADP	_	4 sand	case
4	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 turns	obl
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 once	case
6	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	2 turns	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	present	It			sand			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme into sand=Source at once=Trajectory

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Sea animals may swallow it or get caught in it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 animals	compound
2	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 swallow	nsubj
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 swallow	aux
4	swallow	swallow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 swallow	obj
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 get	cc
7	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 swallow	conj
8	caught	catch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 swallow	advcl
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 it	case
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 caught	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swallow	may	Sea animals	it					vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
2	get	infinitive	Sea animals not said here						vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
3	catch	participle	Sea animals not said here			it			vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/57-environment/t4/