Test 3 · ★ · Gravity

Which is true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: be

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 6 «Gravity» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Light things fall faster than heavy ones

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Light	light	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 things	amod
2	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fall	nsubj
3	fall	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 fall	advmod
5	than	than	ADP	_	7 ones	case
6	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 ones	amod
7	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 faster	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	Light things					fast property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Heavy and light things fall equally fast when there is no air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 things	amod
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 light	cc
3	light	light	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Heavy	conj
4	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 fall	nsubj
5	fall	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	equally	equally	ADV	_	5 fall	advmod
7	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 fall	advmod
8	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	10 is	advmod
9	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	10 is	expl
10	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 fall	advcl
11	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	12 air	det
12	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 is	nsubj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	Heavy things					equally, fast property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	be	present	no air			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Heavy things always fall faster, even when there is no air at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 things	amod
2	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 fall	nsubj
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 fall	advmod
4	fall	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	faster	fast	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 fall	xcomp
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 air	punct
7	even	even	ADV	_	10 is	advmod
8	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	10 is	advmod
9	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	10 is	expl
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 air	cop
11	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	12 air	det
12	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fall	obl
13	at	at	ADP	_	14 all	case
14	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	12 air	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	Heavy things					always, fast property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a	present		no air		all			tree rules

Option 4

Nothing falls where there is no air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 falls	nsubj
2	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	5 is	advmod
4	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	5 is	expl
5	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 falls	advcl
6	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	7 air	det
7	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 is	nsubj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	Nothing						vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	be	present	no air			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/6-gravity/t3/