Test 5 · Rocks, minerals and fossils
You scratch a mineral with a steel nail and the nail leaves no mark, but the mineral scratches the nail. What do you learn?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: You, nail, mineral · What happens: scratch, leave, learn · To what, where: mineral, mark, nail
This is test 5 of lesson 61 «Rocks, minerals and fossils» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: You scratch a mineral with a steel nail and the nail leaves no mark, but the mineral scratches the nail.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 2 scratch | nsubj |
| 2 | scratch | scratch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 mineral | det |
| 4 | mineral | mineral | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 scratch | obj |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 nail | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 nail | det |
| 7 | steel | steel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 nail | compound |
| 8 | nail | nail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 scratch | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 leaves | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 nail | det |
| 11 | nail | nail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 leaves | nsubj |
| 12 | leaves | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 scratch | conj |
| 13 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 14 mark | det |
| 14 | mark | mark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 leaves | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 scratches | punct |
| 16 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 scratches | cc |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 mineral | det |
| 18 | mineral | mineral | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 scratches | nsubj |
| 19 | scratches | scratch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 scratch | conj |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 nail | det |
| 21 | nail | nail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 scratches | obj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 scratch | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | scratch | present | You | a mineral | with a steel nail | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mineral=Patient with nail=Instrument | |||
| 2 | leave | present | the nail | no mark | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mark=Theme | ||||
| 3 | scratch | present | the mineral | the nail | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nail=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What do you learn?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 learn | obj |
| 2 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 learn | aux |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 learn | nsubj |
| 4 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 learn | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | learn | present · do-support | you | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
The mineral is softer than the steel
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 mineral | det |
| 2 | mineral | mineral | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 softer | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 softer | cop |
| 4 | softer | soft | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 5 | than | than | ADP | _ | 7 steel | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 steel | det |
| 7 | steel | steel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 softer | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the mineral | than the steel; soft property | tree rules |
Option 2
The mineral must be diamond
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 mineral | det |
| 2 | mineral | mineral | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 diamond | nsubj |
| 3 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 diamond | aux |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 5 diamond | cop |
| 5 | diamond | diamond | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | must | the mineral | diamond property | tree rules |
Option 3
Hardness cannot be tested this way
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hardness | hardness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 tested | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 tested | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 tested | advmod |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 5 tested | aux:pass |
| 5 | tested | test | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 way | det |
| 7 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 tested | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not test | can · passive | Hardness | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP.attribute»: subject=Theme way=Attribute |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
The mineral is harder than the steel
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 mineral | det |
| 2 | mineral | mineral | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 harder | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 harder | cop |
| 4 | harder | hard | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 5 | than | than | ADP | _ | 7 steel | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 steel | det |
| 7 | steel | steel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 harder | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the mineral | than the steel; hard property | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/61-rocks-minerals-fossils/t5/