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Test 4 · ★ · Volcanoes and earthquakes up close

Two towns are hit by the same strong earthquake. In one, buildings are made to bend and sway; in the other, they are stiff brick. Which suffers less?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: same strong earthquake, buildings · What happens: hit, make, bend, sway, be, suffer · To what, where: Two towns, buildings, stiff brick, less

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 62 «Volcanoes and earthquakes up close» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Two towns are hit by the same strong earthquake.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 towns	nummod
2	towns	town	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hit	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 hit	aux:pass
4	hit	hit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	9 earthquake	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 earthquake	det
7	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 earthquake	amod
8	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 earthquake	amod
9	earthquake	earthquake	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hit	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 hit	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hit	present · passive	the same strong earthquake	Two towns					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Co-Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: In one, buildings are made to bend and sway; in the other, they are stiff brick.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 one	case
2	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 made	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 one	punct
4	buildings	building	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 made	nsubj:pass
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 made	aux:pass
6	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	to	to	PART	_	8 bend	mark
8	bend	bend	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 made	xcomp
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 sway	cc
10	sway	sway	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 bend	conj
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 other	punct
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 other	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 other	det
14	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 made	parataxis
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 brick	punct
16	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 brick	nsubj
17	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 brick	cop
18	stiff	stiff	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 brick	amod
19	brick	brick	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 other	conj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		buildings				in one	tree rules
2	bend	to-infinitive	buildings not said here						vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	sway	infinitive	buildings not said here						vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	is a	present	buildings = building	stiff brick					tree rules

Sentence 3: Which suffers less?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	2 suffers	nsubj
2	suffers	suffer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 suffers	obj
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 suffers	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	suffer	present		less					vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer less=Stimulus

The options

Option 1

Neither, because earthquakes do not harm buildings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Neither	neither	ADV	_	7 harm	advmod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Neither	punct
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 harm	mark
4	earthquakes	earthquake	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 harm	nsubj
5	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 harm	aux
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 harm	advmod
7	harm	harm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	buildings	building	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 harm	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not harm	present · do-support	earthquakes	buildings				neither property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus building=Experiencer

Option 2

Both suffer exactly the same

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 suffer	nsubj
2	suffer	suffer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	5 same	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 same	det
5	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 suffer	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	suffer	present	Both					same property	vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The town with buildings made to bend and sway

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 town	det
2	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	4 buildings	case
4	buildings	building	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 town	nmod
5	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 buildings	acl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 bend	mark
7	bend	bend	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 made	xcomp
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 sway	cc
9	sway	sway	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 bend	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	participle		buildings not said here					tree rules
2	bend	to-infinitive	buildings not said here						vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	sway	infinitive	buildings not said here						vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

The town with stiff brick buildings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 town	det
2	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	6 buildings	case
4	stiff	stiff	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 buildings	amod
5	brick	brick	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 buildings	compound
6	buildings	building	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 town	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/62-volcanoes-and-earthquakes/t4/