Exam question 1 · Soil and what lives in it

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises humus?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: humus

This is exam question 1 of lesson 63 «Soil and what lives in it» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	humus	humus	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		humus				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Water held between grains of clay

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	held	hold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Water	acl
3	between	between	ADP	_	4 grains	case
4	grains	grain	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 held	obl
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 clay	case
6	clay	clay	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 grains	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	participle		Water not said here		grains of clay			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between grain=Location

Option 2

Small fragments of rock without any nutrients

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 fragments	amod
2	fragments	fragment	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 rock	case
4	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 fragments	nmod
5	without	without	ADP	_	7 nutrients	case
6	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	7 nutrients	det
7	nutrients	nutrient	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 fragments	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Dark material formed from rotted plants and animals, rich in nutrients

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 material	amod
2	material	material	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	formed	form	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 material	acl
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 plants	case
5	rotted	rot	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 plants	amod
6	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 formed	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 animals	cc
8	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 plants	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 rich	punct
10	rich	rich	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 material	amod
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 nutrients	case
12	nutrients	nutrient	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 rich	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	form	participle		Dark material not said here		rotted plants and animals			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	rot	participle							vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

The solid rock beneath the subsoil

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 rock	det
2	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 rock	amod
3	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	6 subsoil	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 subsoil	det
6	subsoil	subsoil	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rock	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it/e1/