Test 11 · Soil and what lives in it

my sister says soil is just crushed up rock and nothing else. right?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: sister, soil · What happens: say, crush up, be · To what, where: crushed rock · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 of lesson 63 «Soil and what lives in it» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 sister	nmod:poss
2	sister	sister	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 rock	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 rock	cop
6	just	just	ADV	_	9 rock	advmod
7	crushed	crush	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 rock	amod
8	up	up	ADP	_	7 crushed	compound:prt
9	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	ccomp
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 nothing	cc
11	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	9 rock	conj
12	else	else	ADV	_	11 nothing	advmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 rock	punct
14	right	right	ADV	_	3 says	conj
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	my sister		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	crush up	participle			vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
3	is a	present	soil	crushed rock	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Yes, soil is only broken rock and nothing more

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 rock	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 rock	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 rock	cop
5	only	only	ADV	_	7 rock	advmod
6	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 rock	amod
7	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 nothing	cc
9	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	7 rock	conj
10	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	7 rock	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break	participle							vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2	is a	present	soil	broken rock					tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

No, soil also has humus, water, air and living things

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	3 soil	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 has	nsubj
4	also	also	ADV	_	5 has	advmod
5	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	humus	humus	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 has	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 water	punct
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 humus	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 air	punct
10	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 humus	conj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 things	cc
12	living	living	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 things	amod
13	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 humus	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	soil	humus and water and air and living things					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent humus=Patient

Option 3

Yes, but only the soil under the topsoil

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 soil	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	6 soil	cc
4	only	only	ADV	_	6 soil	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 soil	det
6	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	under	under	ADP	_	9 topsoil	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 topsoil	det
9	topsoil	topsoil	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 soil	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

No, soil is mostly made of old leaves only

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 made	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 made	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 made	aux:pass
5	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	6 made	advmod
6	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 leaves	case
8	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 leaves	amod
9	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 made	obl
10	only	only	ADV	_	9 leaves	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		soil				of old leaves; mostly property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it/t11/