Exam question 1 · Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a glacier?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: glacier

This is exam question 1 of lesson 65 «Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 glacier	det
10	glacier	glacier	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		a glacier				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A floating sheet of frozen sea water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 sheet	det
2	floating	float	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 sheet	amod
3	sheet	sheet	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 water	case
5	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 water	amod
6	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 water	compound
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sheet	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	float	gerund							vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	freeze	participle							vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

A large mass of ice moving slowly downhill

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 mass	det
2	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 mass	amod
3	mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 ice	case
5	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 mass	nmod
6	moving	move	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 mass	acl
7	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	6 moving	advmod
8	downhill	downhill	ADV	_	6 moving	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move	gerund	a large mass of ice not said here					downhill, slowly property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

A deep valley flooded by the sea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 valley	det
2	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 valley	amod
3	valley	valley	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	flooded	flood	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 valley	acl
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 sea	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sea	det
7	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 flooded	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flood	participle		a deep valley not said here				by the sea	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

A lake which freezes each winter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 lake	det
2	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 freezes	nsubj
4	freezes	freeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 lake	acl:relcl
5	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	6 winter	det
6	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 freezes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	freeze	present	a lake				winter		vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands/e1/