Test 10 · ★★ · Rockets, satellites and astronauts

why do astronauts on the space station gotta work out every day

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: astronauts · What happens: work out

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 71 «Rockets, satellites and astronauts» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	9 work	advmod
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 work	aux
3	astronauts	astronaut	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 work	nsubj
4	on	on	ADP	_	8 gotta	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 gotta	det
6	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 station	compound
7	station	station	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 gotta	compound
8	gotta	gotta	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 astronauts	nmod
9	work	work	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
10	out	out	ADP	_	9 work	compound:prt
11	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	12 day	det
12	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 work	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work out	present · do-support	astronauts on the station gotta				day		vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Muscles and bones weaken in space, so they exercise about two hours a day

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 weaken	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 bones	cc
3	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Muscles	conj
4	weaken	weaken	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 space	case
6	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 weaken	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 exercise	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	10 exercise	advmod
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 exercise	nsubj
10	exercise	exercise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 weaken	parataxis
11	about	about	ADV	_	12 two	advmod
12	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 hours	nummod
13	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 exercise	obl:unmarked
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 day	det
15	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 exercise	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	weaken	present	Muscles and bones			space			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	exercise	present	Muscles = muscle				day; hour		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

It keeps them warm, since space is very cold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 keeps	nsubj
2	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 keeps	obj
4	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 keeps	xcomp
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 keeps	punct
6	since	since	SCONJ	_	10 cold	mark
7	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 cold	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 cold	cop
9	very	very	ADV	_	10 cold	advmod
10	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 keeps	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	It	them = they				warm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
2	is	present	space					cold property	tree rules

Option 3

Exercise keeps the station spinning the right way

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Exercise	exercise	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 keeps	nsubj
2	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 station	det
4	station	station	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 keeps	obj
5	spinning	spin	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 keeps	xcomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 way	det
7	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 way	amod
8	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 spinning	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	Exercise	the station					tree rules
2	spin	gerund	the station not said here	the right way					vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

There is too much food on board, so they need to burn it off

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 is	expl
2	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	too	too	ADV	_	4 much	advmod
4	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 food	amod
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 is	nsubj
6	on	on	ADP	_	7 board	case
7	board	board	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 food	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 need	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	11 need	advmod
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 need	nsubj
11	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 is	parataxis
12	to	to	PART	_	13 burn	mark
13	burn	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 need	xcomp
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 burn	obj
15	off	off	ADP	_	13 burn	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	be	present	much food on board		there	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	need	present	they			vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	burn off not said to happen	to-infinitive	they not said here	food		vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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