Test 3 · Trees and forests through the year

Which is true about autumn leaves?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: be

This is test 3 of lesson 76 «Trees and forests through the year» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	about	about	ADP	_	6 leaves	case
5	autumn	autumn	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 leaves	compound
6	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 true	obl
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						about autumn leaves; true property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Their yellow colour was there all summer, hidden by green

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 colour	nmod:poss
2	yellow	yellow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 colour	amod
3	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 there	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 there	cop
5	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	root	root
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 summer	det
7	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 there	obl:unmarked
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 hidden	punct
9	hidden	hide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 there	conj
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 green	case
11	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 hidden	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Their yellow colour				summer	there property	tree rules
2	hide	participle	Their yellow colour not said here					by green	vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by green=Location

Option 2

They turn red because the sun is closer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 turn	nsubj
2	turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 turn	xcomp
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 closer	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sun	det
6	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 closer	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 closer	cop
8	closer	close	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 turn	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	present	They					red property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	the sun					close property	tree rules

Option 3

They change colour because the trees are dying slowly in the cold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 change	nsubj
2	change	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 change	obj
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 dying	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 trees	det
6	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 dying	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 dying	aux
8	dying	die	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 change	advcl
9	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	8 dying	advmod
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 cold	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 cold	det
12	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 dying	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	present	They	colour					vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient
2	die	present · progressive	the trees					in the cold; slowly property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in cold=Attribute

Option 4

Their colour comes from cold frost

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 colour	nmod:poss
2	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 comes	nsubj
3	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 frost	case
5	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 frost	amod
6	frost	frost	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 comes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	Their colour			cold frost			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from frost=Initial_Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/t3/