Exam question 1 · Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things

Identify the principal reason for which fungi are incapable of manufacturing their own food.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, fungi · What happens: identify, be, manufacture · To what, where: principal reason, own food

This is exam question 1 of lesson 77 «Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 incapable	obl
7	fungi	fungus	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 incapable	nsubj
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 incapable	cop
9	incapable	incapable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	acl
10	of	of	SCONJ	_	11 manufacturing	mark
11	manufacturing	manufacture	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 incapable	advcl
12	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 food	nmod:poss
13	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 food	amod
14	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 manufacturing	obj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	is	present	fungi		for the principal reason; incapable property	tree rules
3	manufacture	gerund	fungi not said here	fungi's own food		vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They are composed of a single cell

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 composed	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 composed	aux:pass
3	composed	compose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 cell	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 cell	det
6	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 cell	amod
7	cell	cell	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 composed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	compose	present · passive		They				of a single cell	vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result

Option 2

They possess no roots

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 possess	nsubj
2	possess	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 roots	det
4	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 possess	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	They	no roots					vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot root=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

They possess no chlorophyll

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 possess	nsubj
2	possess	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 chlorophyll	det
4	chlorophyll	chlorophyll	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 possess	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	They	no chlorophyll					vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot chlorophyll=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

They grow only in darkness

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 grow	nsubj
2	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	2 grow	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 darkness	case
5	darkness	darkness	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 grow	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	They			darkness			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in darkness=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things/e1/