Exam question 4 · Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things

Ascertain the cause of the rising of bread dough.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, bread dough · What happens: ascertain, cause, rise · To what, where: cause, rising

This is exam question 4 of lesson 77 «Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 cause	det
3	cause	cause	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 rising	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 rising	det
6	rising	rising	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cause	nmod
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 dough	case
8	bread	bread	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 dough	compound
9	dough	dough	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rising	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the cause of the rising of bread dough	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cause=Topic
2	cause			the rising of bread dough	nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient
3	rise		bread dough		nom rising «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Yeast gives off bubbles of carbon dioxide

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yeast	yeast	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gives	nsubj
2	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	off	off	ADP	_	2 gives	compound:prt
4	bubbles	bubble	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 gives	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 dioxide	case
6	carbon	carbon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 dioxide	compound
7	dioxide	dioxide	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bubbles	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give off	present	Yeast	bubbles of carbon dioxide					vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source bubble=Theme

Option 2

The flour expands upon contact with water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 flour	det
2	flour	flour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 expands	nsubj
3	expands	expand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	5 contact	case
5	contact	contact	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 expands	obl
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 water	case
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 contact	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	expand	present	the flour					upon contact with water	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

The salt draws air into the dough

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 salt	det
2	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 draws	nsubj
3	draws	draw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 draws	obj
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 dough	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 dough	det
7	dough	dough	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 draws	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	draw	present	the salt	air				into the dough result	vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent air=Patient into dough=Result

Option 4

Bacteria give off bubbles of oxygen

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 give	nsubj
2	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	off	off	ADP	_	2 give	compound:prt
4	bubbles	bubble	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 give	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 oxygen	case
6	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bubbles	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give off	present	Bacteria	bubbles of oxygen					vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source bubble=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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