Exam question 4 · Senses of animals: how they see, hear and smell

Ascertain the capacity which enables sharks to detect living animals.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, capacity, sharks · What happens: ascertain, enable, detect, live · To what, where: capacity, sharks, living animals

This is exam question 4 of lesson 79 «Senses of animals: how they see, hear and smell» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 capacity	det
3	capacity	capacity	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 enables	nsubj
5	enables	enable	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 capacity	acl:relcl
6	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 enables	obj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 detect	mark
8	detect	detect	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 enables	xcomp
9	living	live	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 animals	amod
10	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 detect	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the capacity	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent capacity=Topic
2	enable	present	the capacity	sharks	tree rules
3	detect	to-infinitive	sharks not said here	living animals	vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer animal=Stimulus
4	live	gerund			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They sense the heat of animals with their tongue

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sense	nsubj
2	sense	sense	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 heat	det
4	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sense	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 animals	case
6	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 heat	nmod
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 tongue	case
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 tongue	nmod:poss
9	tongue	tongue	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sense	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sense	present	They	the heat of animals				with animals's tongue	vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer heat=Stimulus
2	heat		animals						nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent

Option 2

They sense the ultraviolet light of living animals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sense	nsubj
2	sense	sense	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 light	det
4	ultraviolet	ultraviolet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 light	amod
5	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sense	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 animals	case
7	living	living	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 animals	amod
8	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 light	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sense	present	They	the ultraviolet light of living animals					vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer light=Stimulus
2	light			living animals					nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

They sense the magnetism of living animals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sense	nsubj
2	sense	sense	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 magnetism	det
4	magnetism	magnetism	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sense	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 animals	case
6	living	living	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 animals	amod
7	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 magnetism	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sense	present	They	the magnetism of living animals					vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer magnetism=Stimulus

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They sense the weak electricity made by living animals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sense	nsubj
2	sense	sense	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 electricity	det
4	weak	weak	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 electricity	amod
5	electricity	electricity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sense	obj
6	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 electricity	acl
7	by	by	ADP	_	9 animals	case
8	living	living	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 animals	amod
9	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sense	present	They	the weak electricity					vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer electricity=Stimulus
2	make	participle		the weak electricity not said here				by living animals	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/79-senses-of-animals/e4/