Exam question 4 · Floating and sinking: the push of water

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the upthrust of salt water and fresh water.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, response, established facts · What happens: select, be, establish, concern · To what, where: response, upthrust

This is exam question 4 of lesson 83 «Floating and sinking: the push of water» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 upthrust	det
13	upthrust	upthrust	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 water	case
15	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 water	compound
16	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 upthrust	nmod
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 water	cc
18	fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 water	amod
19	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 water	conj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the upthrust of salt water and fresh water		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus upthrust=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Salt water gives more upthrust than fresh water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 water	compound
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gives	nsubj
3	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 upthrust	amod
5	upthrust	upthrust	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gives	obj
6	than	than	ADP	_	8 water	case
7	fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 water	amod
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 upthrust	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present	Salt water	more upthrust				than fresh water	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent upthrust=Theme

Option 2

Salt water gives no upthrust whatsoever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 water	compound
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gives	nsubj
3	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 upthrust	det
5	upthrust	upthrust	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gives	obj
6	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	3 gives	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present	Salt water	no upthrust				whatsoever property	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent upthrust=Theme

Option 3

Both give exactly the same upthrust

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 give	nsubj
2	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	6 upthrust	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 upthrust	det
5	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 upthrust	amod
6	upthrust	upthrust	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 give	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present	Both	the same upthrust					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent upthrust=Theme

Option 4

Fresh water gives more upthrust than salt water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gives	nsubj
3	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 upthrust	amod
5	upthrust	upthrust	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gives	obj
6	than	than	ADP	_	8 water	case
7	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 water	compound
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 upthrust	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present	Fresh water	more upthrust				than salt water	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent upthrust=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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