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Test 4 · ★ · Floating and sinking: the push of water

You squeeze a ball of foil tightly into a tiny lump. It sinks, though a loose foil boat floats. Why?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: You, ball, loose foil boat · What happens: squeeze, sink, float · To what, where: ball, tiny lump

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 83 «Floating and sinking: the push of water» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: You squeeze a ball of foil tightly into a tiny lump.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 squeeze	nsubj
2	squeeze	squeeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 ball	det
4	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 squeeze	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 foil	case
6	foil	foil	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ball	nmod
7	tightly	tightly	ADV	_	2 squeeze	advmod
8	into	into	ADP	_	11 lump	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 lump	det
10	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 lump	amod
11	lump	lump	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 squeeze	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 squeeze	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	squeeze	present	You	a ball of foil		a tiny lump		tightly property	vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent ball=Material into lump=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: It sinks, though a loose foil boat floats.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sinks	nsubj
2	sinks	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 floats	punct
4	though	though	SCONJ	_	9 floats	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 boat	det
6	loose	loose	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 boat	amod
7	foil	foil	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 boat	compound
8	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 floats	nsubj
9	floats	float	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sinks	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 sinks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sink	present	ball						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	float	present	a loose foil boat						vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Sentence 3: Why?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
2	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1

Squeezing it makes the foil much heavier than before

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Squeezing	squeeze	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 makes	csubj
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Squeezing	obj
3	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 foil	det
5	foil	foil	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	obj
6	much	much	ADV	_	7 heavier	advmod
7	heavier	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 makes	xcomp
8	than	than	ADP	_	9 before	case
9	before	before	ADV	_	7 heavier	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	squeeze	gerund		it					vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	make	present	Squeezing	the foil				heavy property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset foil=Product

Option 2

The boat floats only because its inside stays dry

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 boat	det
2	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 floats	nsubj
3	floats	float	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	3 floats	advmod
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 stays	mark
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 inside	nmod:poss
7	inside	inside	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 stays	nsubj
8	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 floats	advcl
9	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 stays	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	float	present	the boat						vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	stay	present	boat's inside					dry property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The tight lump pushes aside too little water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 lump	det
2	tight	tight	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 lump	amod
3	lump	lump	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pushes	nsubj
4	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	aside	aside	ADV	_	4 pushes	advmod
6	too	too	ADV	_	7 little	advmod
7	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 water	amod
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pushes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push	present	the tight lump	little water				aside property	vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme

Option 4

Squeezing turns the foil into a new and heavier metal

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Squeezing	squeezing	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 turns	nsubj
2	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 foil	det
4	foil	foil	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 turns	obj
5	into	into	ADP	_	10 metal	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 metal	det
7	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 metal	amod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 heavier	cc
9	heavier	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 new	conj
10	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 turns	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	present	Squeezing	the foil		a new metal			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent foil=Theme into metal=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/83-floating-and-sinking/t4/