Test 9 · Mirrors, shadows and colours

Which shows that light bends when it changes material?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: light · What happens: show, bend, change · To what, where: material · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 of lesson 84 «Mirrors, shadows and colours» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	2 shows	nsubj
2	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 light	det
4	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 bends	nsubj
5	bends	bend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 shows	ccomp
6	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	8 changes	advmod
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 changes	nsubj
8	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 bends	advcl
9	material	material	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 changes	obj
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 shows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	show	present			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	bend	present	that light		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	change	present	light	material	vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent material=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

A spoon in water looks bent

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 spoon	det
2	spoon	spoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 looks	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 water	case
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spoon	nmod
5	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	bent	bent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 looks	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	present	a spoon in water					bent property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

A shadow points away from a lamp

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 shadow	det
2	shadow	shadow	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 points	nsubj
3	points	point	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	away	away	ADV	_	3 points	advmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 lamp	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 lamp	det
7	lamp	lamp	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 points	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	point away	present	a shadow			a lamp		away property	vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

A mirror shows writing reversed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 mirror	det
2	mirror	mirror	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	nsubj
3	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	obj
5	reversed	reverse	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 writing	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	a mirror	writing					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent writing=Recipient
2	reverse	participle		writing not said here					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

A black shirt gets hot in sunshine

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 shirt	det
2	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 shirt	amod
3	shirt	shirt	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gets	nsubj
4	gets	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 gets	xcomp
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 sunshine	case
7	sunshine	sunshine	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gets	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	present	a black shirt			sunshine		hot property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/84-mirrors-shadows-colours/t9/