Test 13 · ★★ · Building strong things: bridges, towers and shapes

my brother reckons tall towers are hardest to tip if heavy stuff's at the top. right?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: brother, tall towers, heavy stuff · What happens: reckon, be, tip · To what, where: top

This is test 13 · ★★ of lesson 86 «Building strong things: bridges, towers and shapes» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 brother	nmod:poss
2	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reckons	nsubj
3	reckons	reckon	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 towers	amod
5	towers	tower	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 hardest	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 hardest	cop
7	hardest	hard	ADJ	Degree=Sup	3 reckons	obj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 tip	mark
9	tip	tip	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 hardest	xcomp
10	if	if	SCONJ	_	16 top	mark
11	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 stuff	amod
12	stuff	stuff	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 top	nsubj
13	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 top	cop
14	at	at	ADP	_	16 top	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 top	det
16	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 tip	advcl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 reckons	punct
18	right	right	ADV	_	3 reckons	advmod
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 reckons	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	reckon	present	my brother		right property	vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	tall towers		hard property	tree rules
3	tip	to-infinitive	tall towers not said here			vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	is a condition, not said to happen	present	heavy stuff	the top		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

No, weight makes no difference to tipping

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 makes	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 makes	nsubj
4	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 difference	det
6	difference	difference	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 makes	obj
7	to	to	ADP	_	8 tipping	case
8	tipping	tipping	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 makes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	weight	no difference				to tipping	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset difference=Product

Option 2

Yes, heavy stuff at the top pushes the tower down and holds it firm

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 stuff	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 stuff	amod
4	stuff	stuff	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 pushes	nsubj
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 top	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 top	det
7	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stuff	nmod
8	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 tower	det
10	tower	tower	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 pushes	obj
11	down	down	ADP	_	8 pushes	compound:prt
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 holds	cc
13	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 pushes	conj
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 holds	obj
15	firm	firm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 holds	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push down	present	heavy stuff at the top	the tower					vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tower=Theme
2	hold	present	heavy stuff at the top not said here	tower				firm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, a wide base and weight low down make things hard to tip

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	10 make	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 base	det
4	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 base	amod
5	base	base	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 make	nsubj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 weight	cc
7	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 base	conj
8	low	low	ADV	Degree=Pos	10 make	advmod
9	down	down	ADV	_	10 make	advmod
10	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
11	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 make	obj
12	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 make	xcomp
13	to	to	PART	_	14 tip	mark
14	tip	tip	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 hard	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	infinitive	a wide base and weight	things				down, hard, low property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thing=Product
2	tip	to-infinitive	things not said here						vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Yes, but only in strong winds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 winds	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	7 winds	cc
4	only	only	ADV	_	7 winds	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 winds	case
6	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 winds	amod
7	winds	wind	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/86-building-strong-things/t13/