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Test 3 · ★ · Recycling, waste and plastic

A family wants to make less rubbish. Which change helps most?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: family, change · What happens: want, make, help · To what, where: less rubbish

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 88 «Recycling, waste and plastic» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A family wants to make less rubbish.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 family	det
2	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 wants	nsubj
3	wants	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 make	mark
5	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 wants	xcomp
6	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 rubbish	amod
7	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 make	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 wants	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want	present	a family						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	make not said to happen	to-infinitive	a family not said here	less rubbish					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset rubbish=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which change helps most?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 change	det
2	change	change	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 helps	nsubj
3	helps	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	3 helps	advmod
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 helps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	help	present	which change						vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Buying fewer things in plastic packaging

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Buying	buy	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	fewer	few	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 things	amod
3	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Buying	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 packaging	case
5	plastic	plastic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 packaging	amod
6	packaging	packaging	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Buying	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	buy	gerund		fewer things		plastic packaging			vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Throwing their rubbish into the river

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Throwing	throw	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 rubbish	nmod:poss
3	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Throwing	obj
4	into	into	ADP	_	6 river	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 river	det
6	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Throwing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	throw	gerund		their rubbish				into the river result	vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer rubbish=Theme into river=Result

Option 3

Burning their rubbish in the garden

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Burning	burn	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 rubbish	nmod:poss
3	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Burning	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 garden	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 garden	det
6	garden	garden	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Burning	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	burn	gerund		their rubbish		the garden			vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent rubbish=Theme

Option 4

Putting all their rubbish in one big bag

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Putting	put	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 rubbish	det:predet
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 rubbish	nmod:poss
4	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Putting	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 bag	case
6	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 bag	nummod
7	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 bag	amod
8	bag	bag	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Putting	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	gerund		their rubbish		one big bag			vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent rubbish=Theme in bag=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/88-recycling-waste-plastic/t3/