Exam question 1 · Saving water and energy at home

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the reason for which saving hot water saves the most energy?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: saving · What happens: follow, characteris, save · To what, where: reason, hot water, energy

This is exam question 1 of lesson 89 «Saving water and energy at home» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 reason	det
10	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	for	for	ADP	_	12 which	case
12	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 saves	obl
13	saving	save	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	16 saves	csubj
14	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 water	amod
15	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 saving	obj
16	saves	save	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 reason	acl:relcl
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 energy	det
18	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	19 energy	advmod
19	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 saves	obj
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the reason	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	save	gerund		hot water		vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme
4	save	present	saving	the energy	for the reason	vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent energy=Theme for which=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Hot water evaporates more slowly than cold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 evaporates	nsubj
3	evaporates	evaporate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 slowly	advmod
5	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	3 evaporates	advmod
6	than	than	ADP	_	7 cold	case
7	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 evaporates	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	evaporate	present	Hot water					than cold; slowly property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 2

Cold water requires no cleaning

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 requires	nsubj
3	requires	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 cleaning	det
5	cleaning	cleaning	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 requires	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present	Cold water	no cleaning					vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme cleaning=Precondition

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Heating water uses a great deal of energy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heating	heat	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 water	compound
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 uses	nsubj
3	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 deal	det
5	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 deal	amod
6	deal	deal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 uses	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 energy	case
8	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 deal	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	heat	gerund			vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	use	present	Heating water	a great deal of energy	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deal=Patient
3	deal			energy	nom deal «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

Hot water is more costly to pump than cold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 costly	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 costly	cop
4	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 costly	advmod
5	costly	costly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 pump	mark
7	pump	pump	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 costly	advcl
8	than	than	ADP	_	9 cold	case
9	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 pump	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Hot water					costly property	tree rules
2	pump	to-infinitive	Hot water not said here					than cold	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/89-saving-water-and-energy/e1/