Exam question 4 · Time zones and the calendar

Whereas a traveller proceeds eastward into the adjacent time zone, determine the customary adjustment of the clock.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: clock · What happens: proceed, determine, adjust · To what, where: adjacent time zone, customary adjustment

This is exam question 4 of lesson 9 «Time zones and the calendar» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	3 traveller	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 traveller	det
3	traveller	traveller	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 proceeds	obl
4	proceeds	proceed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	eastward	eastward	ADV	_	4 proceeds	advmod
6	into	into	ADP	_	10 zone	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 zone	det
8	adjacent	adjacent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 zone	amod
9	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 zone	compound
10	zone	zone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 proceeds	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 determine	punct
12	determine	determine	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 proceeds	conj
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 adjustment	det
14	customary	customary	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 adjustment	compound
15	adjustment	adjustment	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 determine	obj
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 clock	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 clock	det
18	clock	clock	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 adjustment	nmod
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 proceeds	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	proceed	present			the adjacent time zone	whereas a traveller; eastward property	vn begin-55.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent
2	determine	infinitive		the customary adjustment of the clock			vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent adjustment=Topic
3	adjust		the clock				nom adjustment «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is advanced by twelve hours

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 advanced	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 advanced	aux:pass
3	advanced	advance	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 hours	case
5	twelve	twelve	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 hours	nummod
6	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 advanced	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	advance	present · passive		It			hour		vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

Option 2

It is put back by one hour

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 put	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 put	aux:pass
3	put	put	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	back	back	ADV	_	3 put	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 hour	case
6	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 hour	nummod
7	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 put	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put back	present · passive		It			hour		vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Goal

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is advanced by one hour

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 advanced	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 advanced	aux:pass
3	advanced	advance	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 hour	case
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 hour	nummod
6	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 advanced	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	advance	present · passive		It			hour		vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

Option 4

It remains unaltered

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 remains	nsubj
2	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	unaltered	unaltered	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 remains	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remain	present	It					unaltered property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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