Exam question 2 · Measuring the world — length, mass, time and temperature

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the distinction between mass and weight?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: distinction

This is exam question 2 of lesson 90 «Measuring the world — length, mass, time and temperature» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 distinction	det
10	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	between	between	ADP	_	12 mass	case
12	mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 distinction	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 weight	cc
14	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 mass	conj
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the distinction				of the following statements; between mass and weight; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Mass is the pull of gravity; weight is the amount of matter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pull	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 pull	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 pull	det
4	pull	pull	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 gravity	case
6	gravity	gravity	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pull	nmod
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 amount	punct
8	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 amount	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 amount	cop
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 amount	det
11	amount	amount	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pull	appos
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 matter	case
13	matter	matter	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 amount	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Mass	the pull				of gravity	tree rules
2	is a	present	weight	the amount				of matter	tree rules

Option 2

Mass changes upon the Moon; weight does not

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 changes	nsubj
2	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	upon	upon	ADP	_	5 Moon	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Moon	det
5	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 changes	obl
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 does	punct
7	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 does	nsubj
8	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 changes	parataxis
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 does	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	present	Mass					upon the Moon	vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	not do	present	weight						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Mass and weight are identical in every place

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 identical	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 weight	cc
3	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Mass	conj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 identical	cop
5	identical	identical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 place	case
7	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	8 place	det
8	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 identical	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Mass and weight			every place		identical property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Mass is the amount of matter; weight is the pull of gravity upon it

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 amount	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 amount	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 amount	det
4	amount	amount	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 matter	case
6	matter	matter	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 amount	nmod
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 pull	punct
8	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 pull	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 pull	cop
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 pull	det
11	pull	pull	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 amount	parataxis
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 gravity	case
13	gravity	gravity	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 pull	nmod
14	upon	upon	ADP	_	15 it	case
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 pull	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Mass	the amount				of matter	tree rules
2	is a	present	weight	the pull				of gravity; upon Mass	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/90-measuring-the-world/e2/