Test 1 · The human life cycle and growing up
Max is 11 and his friend is the same age but much taller. What does this most likely show?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Max, friend, this · What happens: be, show · To what, where: 11, same age
This is test 1 of lesson 92 «The human life cycle and growing up» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Max is 11 and his friend is the same age but much taller.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Max | Max | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 11 | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 11 | cop |
| 3 | 11 | 11 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 age | cc |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 friend | nmod:poss |
| 6 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 age | nsubj |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 age | cop |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 age | det |
| 9 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 age | amod |
| 10 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 11 | conj |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 taller | cc |
| 12 | much | much | ADV | _ | 13 taller | advmod |
| 13 | taller | tall | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 11 | conj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 11 | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Max | 11 and the same age | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | Max's friend | the same age | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | Max not said here | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What does this most likely show?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 6 show | obj |
| 2 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 show | aux |
| 3 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 show | nsubj |
| 4 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 5 likely | advmod |
| 5 | likely | likely | ADV | _ | 6 show | advmod |
| 6 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 show | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | present · do-support | this | likely property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
His friend must really be a lot older than him
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 friend | nmod:poss |
| 2 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 older | nsubj |
| 3 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 older | aux |
| 4 | really | really | ADV | _ | 8 older | advmod |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 8 older | cop |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 lot | det |
| 7 | lot | lot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 older | obl:unmarked |
| 8 | older | old | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 9 | than | than | ADP | _ | 10 him | case |
| 10 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 older | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | must | His friend | than him = he; a lot obl:unmarked; old property | tree rules |
Option 2
Max will never grow any taller than he is now
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Max | Max | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 grow | nsubj |
| 2 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 grow | aux |
| 3 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 4 grow | advmod |
| 4 | grow | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | any | any | ADV | _ | 6 taller | advmod |
| 6 | taller | tall | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 4 grow | xcomp |
| 7 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 9 is | mark |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 is | nsubj |
| 9 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 taller | advcl |
| 10 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 grow | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not grow | future | Max | now | tall property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | be | present | Max | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
People grow and change at different paces
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | People | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 grow | nsubj |
| 2 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 change | cc |
| 4 | change | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 grow | conj |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 paces | case |
| 6 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 paces | amod |
| 7 | paces | pace | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 change | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | present | People | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | change | present | People not said here | at different paces | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 4
Max must be unhealthy and eating badly at home
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Max | Max | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 unhealthy | nsubj |
| 2 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 unhealthy | aux |
| 3 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 4 unhealthy | cop |
| 4 | unhealthy | unhealthy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 eating | cc |
| 6 | eating | eat | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 unhealthy | conj |
| 7 | badly | badly | ADV | Degree=Pos | 6 eating | advmod |
| 8 | at | at | ADP | _ | 9 home | case |
| 9 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 eating | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | must | Max | unhealthy property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | eat | gerund | Max not said here | home | badly property | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/92-human-life-cycle/t1/