Test 11 · Medicines, doctors and hospitals

why do bones show up on an x-ray

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: bones · What happens: show up · To what, where: x ray

This is test 11 of lesson 94 «Medicines, doctors and hospitals» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 show	advmod
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 show	aux
3	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 show	nsubj
4	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 show	compound:prt
6	on	on	ADP	_	10 ray	case
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 ray	det
8	x	x	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 ray	compound
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 x	punct
10	ray	ray	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 show	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show up	present · do-support	bones			a x ray			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on ray=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Bones glow in the dark by themselves

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 glow	nsubj
2	glow	glow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 dark	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 dark	det
5	dark	dark	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 glow	obl
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 themselves	case
7	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 glow	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	glow	present	Bones			the dark		by Bones = bone	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in dark=Location

Option 2

The doctor paints the bones before the X-ray

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 doctor	det
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 paints	nsubj
3	paints	paint	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 bones	det
5	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 paints	obj
6	before	before	ADP	_	10 ray	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 ray	det
8	X	x	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 ray	compound
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 X	punct
10	ray	ray	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 paints	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	paint	present	the doctor	the bones		the X ray			vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent bone=Theme before ray=Destination

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

X-rays pass through soft parts but not through bones

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	X	x	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rays	compound
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 X	punct
3	rays	ray	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 pass	nsubj
4	pass	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	through	through	ADP	_	7 parts	case
6	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 parts	amod
7	parts	part	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 pass	obl
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 bones	cc
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 bones	advmod
10	through	through	ADP	_	11 bones	case
11	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 parts	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pass	present	X rays			soft parts but bones			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through part=Location

Option 4

X-rays only see hard white things that are on the skin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	X	x	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rays	compound
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 X	punct
3	rays	ray	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 see	nsubj
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 see	advmod
5	see	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 things	amod
7	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 things	amod
8	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 see	obj
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 skin	nsubj
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 skin	cop
11	on	on	ADP	_	13 skin	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 skin	det
13	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 things	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	present	X rays	hard white things					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus
2	is	present	hard white things			the skin			tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/94-medicines-doctors-hospitals/t11/