When someone dies, sentence 2
Grown-ups often use soft words for it, like "passed away", "we lost him" or "she's gone", because the plain word is hard to say.
Who acts: Grown ups, we, thing, plain word · What happens: grow, use, pass away, lose, go, be · To what, where: soft words, person · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «When someone dies» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Grown ups, we, thing, plain word), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 ups | amod |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 1 Grown | punct |
| 3 | ups | up | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 use | nsubj |
| 4 | often | often | ADV | _ | 5 use | advmod |
| 5 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 words | amod |
| 7 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 use | obj |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 it | case |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 use | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 passed | punct |
| 11 | like | like | ADP | _ | 13 passed | mark |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 passed | punct |
| 13 | passed | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 use | parataxis |
| 14 | away | away | ADV | _ | 13 passed | advmod |
| 15 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 passed | punct |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 passed | punct |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 lost | punct |
| 18 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 lost | nsubj |
| 19 | lost | lose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 passed | parataxis |
| 20 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 lost | obj |
| 21 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 lost | punct |
| 22 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 26 gone | cc |
| 23 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 gone | punct |
| 24 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 gone | nsubj |
| 25 | 's | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 gone | aux |
| 26 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 19 lost | parataxis |
| 27 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 gone | punct |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 hard | punct |
| 29 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 34 hard | mark |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 word | det |
| 31 | plain | plain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 word | amod |
| 32 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 hard | nsubj |
| 33 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 hard | cop |
| 34 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 use | advcl |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 say | mark |
| 36 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 hard | xcomp |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 use | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=narrator, polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | participle | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | use | present | Grown ups | soft words | for body; often property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | pass away in a quote | past | away property | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | lose in a quote | past | we | person | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | go in a quote | present · perfect | thing | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | is | present | the plain word | hard property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | say speech: assert | to-infinitive | the plain word not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:adult-life:024-when-someone-dies.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/24-when-someone-dies/2/