Police, courts and prison, sentence 17

"Innocent until proven guilty" means a person is treated as innocent until a court proves, with evidence, that they did the crime.

Who acts: Innocent, court, courts · What happens: prove, mean, treat, do · To what, where: person, crime · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Police, courts and prison» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Innocent, court, courts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Innocent	punct
2	Innocent	innocent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 means	nsubj
3	until	until	ADP	_	5 guilty	case
4	proven	prove	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 guilty	amod
5	guilty	guilty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 means	obl
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 guilty	punct
7	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 person	det
9	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 treated	nsubj:pass
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 treated	aux:pass
11	treated	treat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 means	ccomp
12	as	as	ADP	_	13 innocent	case
13	innocent	innocent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 treated	obl
14	until	until	SCONJ	_	17 proves	mark
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 court	det
16	court	court	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 proves	nsubj
17	proves	prove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 treated	advcl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 evidence	punct
19	with	with	ADP	_	20 evidence	case
20	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 proves	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 did	punct
22	that	that	SCONJ	_	24 did	mark
23	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 did	nsubj
24	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 proves	ccomp
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 crime	det
26	crime	crime	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 did	obj
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 means	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	prove in a quote	participle					vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
2	mean	present	Innocent		until proven guilty		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	treat	present · passive		a person		as innocent	vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Theme as innocent=Attribute
4	prove	present	a court			with evidence	vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
5	do	past	courts = court	the crime			vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crime=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:adult-life:030-police-courts-and-prison.lesson:17.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/30-police-courts-and-prison/17/