How to handle gossip: is it true, is it kind, would I say it to their face, sentence 20
"I'm just saying what I heard" and "I only told one person" are still spreading a rumour.
Who acts: I, person · What happens: say, hear, tell, spread · To what, where: one person, rumour · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «How to handle gossip: is it true, is it kind, would I say it to their face» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 saying | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 saying | nsubj |
| 3 | 'm | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 saying | aux |
| 4 | just | just | ADV | _ | 5 saying | advmod |
| 5 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 spreading | nsubj |
| 6 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 8 heard | obj |
| 7 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 heard | nsubj |
| 8 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 saying | ccomp |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 saying | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 told | cc |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 told | punct |
| 12 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 told | nsubj |
| 13 | only | only | ADV | _ | 14 told | advmod |
| 14 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 saying | conj |
| 15 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 person | nummod |
| 16 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 told | iobj |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 told | punct |
| 18 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 spreading | aux |
| 19 | still | still | ADV | _ | 20 spreading | advmod |
| 20 | spreading | spread | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | root | root |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 rumour | det |
| 22 | rumour | rumour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 spreading | obj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 spreading | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert in a quote | present · progressive | I | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | hear in a quote | past | I | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | tell speech: assert in a quote | past | the person = person | one person | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent person=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | spread | present · progressive | a rumour | still | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location rumour=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:adult-life:049-how-to-handle-gossip.lesson:20.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/adult-life/49-how-to-handle-gossip/20/