What is AI? Pattern-guessers, not people, sentence 0
AI, short for artificial intelligence (artificial means made by people, not grown by nature), is the name for computer programs that learn patterns from huge piles of examples instead of following only rules a person wrote line by line.
Who acts: AI, computer programs, person · What happens: make, not grow, be, learn, follow, write · To what, where: artificial means, people, name, patterns, huge piles, rules
This is a sentence of the lesson «What is AI? Pattern-guessers, not people» of the ai course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (AI, computer programs, person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | AI | ai | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 name | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 AI | punct |
| 3 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 AI | amod |
| 4 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 intelligence | case |
| 5 | artificial | artificial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 intelligence | amod |
| 6 | intelligence | intelligence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 short | obl |
| 7 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 9 means | punct |
| 8 | artificial | artificial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 means | amod |
| 9 | means | means | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 6 intelligence | appos |
| 10 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 means | acl |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 people | case |
| 12 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 made | obl:agent |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 grown | punct |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 grown | advmod |
| 15 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 people | acl |
| 16 | by | by | ADP | _ | 17 nature | case |
| 17 | nature | nature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 grown | obl |
| 18 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 15 grown | punct |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 means | punct |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 name | cop |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 name | det |
| 22 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 23 | for | for | ADP | _ | 25 programs | case |
| 24 | computer | computer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 programs | compound |
| 25 | programs | program | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 name | nmod |
| 26 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 learn | nsubj |
| 27 | learn | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 programs | acl:relcl |
| 28 | patterns | pattern | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 learn | obj |
| 29 | from | from | ADP | _ | 31 piles | case |
| 30 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 piles | amod |
| 31 | piles | pile | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 learn | obl |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 examples | case |
| 33 | examples | example | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 piles | nmod |
| 34 | instead | instead | ADV | ExtPos=SCONJ | 36 following | mark |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 instead | fixed |
| 36 | following | follow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 27 learn | advcl |
| 37 | only | only | ADV | _ | 38 rules | advmod |
| 38 | rules | rule | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 following | obj |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 person | det |
| 40 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 wrote | nsubj |
| 41 | wrote | write | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 rules | acl:relcl |
| 42 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 wrote | obl:unmarked |
| 43 | by | by | ADP | _ | 44 line | case |
| 44 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 line | nmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 22 name | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | participle | artificial means not said here | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | |||||
| 2 | not grow | participle | people not said here | by nature | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by nature=Location | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | AI | the name | for computer programs | tree rules | |||
| 4 | learn | present | computer programs | patterns | huge piles of examples | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent pattern=Topic from pile=Source | |||
| 5 | follow | gerund | computer programs not said here | rules | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Theme | ||||
| 6 | write | past | a person | line by line | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:ai:001-what-is-ai.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ai/1-what-is-ai/0/