How a language model learns: guessing the next word, sentence 16
Chatbots run on giant computers in data centres; the words appearing one by one is just how the answer is shown.
Who acts: Chatbots, words · What happens: run, appear, be · To what, where: giant computers, one, answer
This is a sentence of the lesson «How a language model learns: guessing the next word» of the ai course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chatbots, words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chatbots | chatbot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 run | nsubj |
| 2 | run | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 computers | case |
| 4 | giant | giant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 computers | amod |
| 5 | computers | computer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 run | obl |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 centres | case |
| 7 | data | data | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 centres | compound |
| 8 | centres | centre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 computers | nmod |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 appearing | punct |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 words | det |
| 11 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 appearing | nsubj |
| 12 | appearing | appear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 run | advcl |
| 13 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 appearing | obl |
| 14 | by | by | ADP | _ | 15 one | case |
| 15 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 one | nmod |
| 16 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 shown | cop |
| 17 | just | just | ADV | _ | 18 how | advmod |
| 18 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 22 shown | advmod |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 answer | det |
| 20 | answer | answer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 shown | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 shown | aux:pass |
| 22 | shown | show | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 one | parataxis |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 run | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run | present | Chatbots | giant computers in data centres | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on computer=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | appear | gerund | the words | one by one | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is | present · passive | the answer | show property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:ai:002-guessing-the-next-word.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ai/2-guessing-the-next-word/16/