Olympiad: thinking like a machine, Bebras puzzles ★★★, sentence 9
A machine can only learn patterns that are in its examples; if a kind of example is missing, it may get that kind wrong.
Who acts: machine, patterns, kind · What happens: learn, be, get · To what, where: patterns, examples, kind
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: thinking like a machine, Bebras puzzles ★★★» of the ai course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (machine, patterns, kind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 machine | det |
| 2 | machine | machine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 learn | nsubj |
| 3 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 learn | aux |
| 4 | only | only | ADV | _ | 5 learn | advmod |
| 5 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | patterns | pattern | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 learn | obj |
| 7 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 examples | nsubj |
| 8 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 examples | cop |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 examples | case |
| 10 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 examples | nmod:poss |
| 11 | examples | example | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 patterns | acl:relcl |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 get | punct |
| 13 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 19 missing | mark |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 kind | det |
| 15 | kind | kind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 missing | nsubj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 example | case |
| 17 | example | example | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 kind | nmod |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 missing | cop |
| 19 | missing | missing | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 get | advcl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 missing | punct |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 get | nsubj |
| 22 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 get | aux |
| 23 | get | get | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 learn | parataxis |
| 24 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 25 kind | det |
| 25 | kind | kind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 get | obj |
| 26 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 get | xcomp |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 learn | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | learn | can | a machine | patterns | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is | present | patterns | machine's examples | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is a condition, not said to happen | present | a kind of example | missing property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | get | may | kind | that kind | wrong property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer kind=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:ai:031-olympiad-thinking-like-a-machine.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ai/31-olympiad-thinking-like-a-machine/9/