Photography and phone cameras, sentence 14
The oldest surviving camera photograph, by Nicéphore Niépce in France around 1826 or 1827, needed hours or even days of exposure.
Who acts: oldest surviving camera photograph · What happens: survive, need
This is a sentence of the lesson «Photography and phone cameras» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (oldest surviving camera photograph), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 photograph | det |
| 2 | oldest | old | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 5 photograph | amod |
| 3 | surviving | survive | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 photograph | amod |
| 4 | camera | camera | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 photograph | compound |
| 5 | photograph | photograph | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 needed | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 Nicéphore | punct |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 Nicéphore | case |
| 8 | Nicéphore | Nicéphore | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 photograph | nmod |
| 9 | Niépce | Niépce | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Nicéphore | flat |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 France | case |
| 11 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Nicéphore | nmod |
| 12 | around | around | ADP | _ | 13 1826 | case |
| 13 | 1826 | 1826 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 photograph | nmod |
| 14 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 15 1827 | cc |
| 15 | 1827 | 1827 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 1826 | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 hours | punct |
| 17 | needed | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 18 | hours | hour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 needed | obj |
| 19 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 21 days | cc |
| 20 | even | even | ADV | _ | 21 days | advmod |
| 21 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 hours | conj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 exposure | case |
| 23 | exposure | exposure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 days | nmod |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 needed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | survive | gerund | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | need | past | the oldest surviving camera photograph by Nicéphore in France around 1826 | hour | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:arts:020-photography-and-phone-cameras.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/arts/20-photography-and-phone-cameras/14/