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Buildings and architecture, sentence 1

Good buildings are made for their place: tall towers sway a little in the wind instead of cracking, buildings in Japan bend and soak up earthquake shaking, and a tower on soft ground needs a strong foundation, the base a building stands on.

Who acts: tall towers, buildings, tower, building · What happens: make, sway, crack, bend, soak up, need · To what, where: Good buildings, little, wind, earthquake shaking, strong foundation, base

This is a sentence of the lesson «Buildings and architecture» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tall towers, buildings, tower, building), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

amodnsubj:passaux:passcasenmod:possoblpunctamodnsubjparataxisdetoblcasedetoblmarkfixedadvclpunctnsubjcasenmodconjccconjcompound:prtcompoundobjpunctccdetnsubjcaseamodnmodconjdetamodobjpunctdetapposdetnsubjacl:relclcompound:prtpunctrootGoodADJbuildingsNOUNareAUXmadeVERBforADPtheirPRONplaceNOUN:PUNCTtallADJtowersNOUNswayVERBaDETlittleADJinADPtheDETwindNOUNinsteadADVofADPcrackingVERB,PUNCTbuildingsNOUNinADPJapanPROPNbendVERBandCCONJsoakVERBupADPearthquakeNOUNshakingNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJaDETtowerNOUNonADPsoftADJgroundNOUNneedsVERBaDETstrongADJfoundationNOUN,PUNCTtheDETbaseNOUNaDETbuildingNOUNstandsVERBonADP.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1GoodgoodADJDegree=Pos2 buildingsamod
2buildingsbuildingNOUNNumber=Plur4 madensubj:pass
3arebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin4 madeaux:pass
4mademakeVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Passrootroot
5forforADP_7 placecase
6theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs7 placenmod:poss
7placeplaceNOUNNumber=Sing4 madeobl
8::PUNCT_11 swaypunct
9talltallADJDegree=Pos10 towersamod
10towerstowerNOUNNumber=Plur11 swaynsubj
11swayswayVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin4 madeparataxis
12aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art13 littledet
13littlelittleADJDegree=Pos11 swayobl
14ininADP_16 windcase
15thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art16 winddet
16windwindNOUNNumber=Sing11 swayobl
17insteadinsteadADVExtPos=ADP19 crackingmark
18ofofADP_17 insteadfixed
19crackingcrackVERBVerbForm=Ger11 swayadvcl
20,,PUNCT_21 buildingspunct
21buildingsbuildingNOUNNumber=Plur24 bendnsubj
22ininADP_23 Japancase
23JapanJapanPROPNNumber=Sing21 buildingsnmod
24bendbendVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin11 swayconj
25andandCCONJ_26 soakcc
26soaksoakVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin24 bendconj
27upupADP_26 soakcompound:prt
28earthquakeearthquakeNOUNNumber=Sing29 shakingcompound
29shakingshakingNOUNNumber=Sing26 soakobj
30,,PUNCT_37 needspunct
31andandCCONJ_37 needscc
32aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art33 towerdet
33towertowerNOUNNumber=Sing37 needsnsubj
34ononADP_36 groundcase
35softsoftADJDegree=Pos36 groundamod
36groundgroundNOUNNumber=Sing33 towernmod
37needsneedVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin4 madeconj
38aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art40 foundationdet
39strongstrongADJDegree=Pos40 foundationamod
40foundationfoundationNOUNNumber=Sing37 needsobj
41,,PUNCT_43 basepunct
42thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art43 basedet
43basebaseNOUNNumber=Sing40 foundationappos
44aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art45 buildingdet
45buildingbuildingNOUNNumber=Sing46 standsnsubj
46standsstandVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin43 baseacl:relcl
47ononADP_46 standscompound:prt
48..PUNCT_4 madepunct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1makepresent · passiveGood buildingsfor buildings's placevn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Material for place=Beneficiary
2swaypresenttall towersa littlethe windvn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wind=Location
3crackgerundtall towers not said herevn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4bendpresentbuildings in Japanvn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5soak uppresentbuildings in Japan not said hereearthquake shakingvn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent shaking=Source
6needpresenta tower on soft grounda strong foundationvn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot foundation=Theme
7stand onpresenta buildingthe base not said herevn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer base=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:arts:034-buildings-and-architecture.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/arts/34-buildings-and-architecture/1/