Sea lions, seals and otters, sentence 11

Sea otters hold paws or wrap themselves in kelp while sleeping so they do not drift apart, and they have the thickest fur of any animal instead of a fat layer.

Who acts: Sea otters, otters · What happens: hold, wrap, sleep, not drift apart, have · To what, where: paws, kelp, thickest fur

This is a sentence of the lesson «Sea lions, seals and otters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sea otters, otters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 otters	compound
2	otters	otter	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hold	nsubj
3	hold	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	paws	paw	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hold	obj
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 wrap	cc
6	wrap	wrap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hold	conj
7	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	6 wrap	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 kelp	case
9	kelp	kelp	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 wrap	obl
10	while	while	SCONJ	_	11 sleeping	mark
11	sleeping	sleep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 wrap	advcl
12	so	so	ADV	_	16 drift	advmod
13	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 drift	nsubj
14	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 drift	aux
15	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	16 drift	advmod
16	drift	drift	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 sleeping	ccomp
17	apart	apart	ADV	_	16 drift	advmod
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 have	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 have	cc
20	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 have	nsubj
21	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hold	conj
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 fur	det
23	thickest	thick	ADJ	Degree=Sup	24 fur	amod
24	fur	fur	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 have	obj
25	of	of	ADP	_	27 animal	case
26	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	27 animal	det
27	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 fur	nmod
28	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=ADP	32 layer	case
29	of	of	ADP	_	28 instead	fixed
30	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 layer	det
31	fat	fat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 layer	amod
32	layer	layer	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 have	obl
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 hold	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	hold	present	Sea otters	paws			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paw=Theme
2	wrap	present	Sea otters not said here	paws = paw	kelp		vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme in kelp=Destination
3	sleep	gerund	Sea otters not said here				tree rules
4	not drift apart	present · do-support	otters = otter			apart property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	have	present	otters = otter	the thickest fur of any animal		instead a fat layer	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fur=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters/11/